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Preparation method of clay mineral hybridized cobalt blue pigment
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A clay mineral, hybrid technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, inorganic pigment processing, cobalt compounds, etc., to achieve the effects of low energy consumption, high yield, and avoidance of low yield
Pending Publication Date: 2022-05-06
LANZHOU INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing clay mineral hybrid cobalt blue pigments, to solve the technical defects of cobalt blue p
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Cobalt Blue: from ‘fake silver’ to colourful pigment
In the art of painting cobalt is mainly known as a colour blue. The pigment that was traditionally extracted from a mineral comes, however, in various shades, varying from yellow to red and from blue to green. It was traditionally used to colour glass and ceramics. The name is derived from subterranean sprites or ‘kobolds’. But for this we have to go far back in time, to well before the Common Era.
In the search for useful metals and stones, man discovered silver. It is easy to melt and, what’s more, has a beautiful sheen. However, there are other types of metal that look like silver and frequently they were mistaken as such, with some unpleasant consequences. Because when ‘fake silver’ was melted down, toxic substances were often released, which were lethal when inhaled. The ‘miners’ thought that this was the work of kobolds, who stole the silver and replaced it with a toxic metal or kobold. Later this became known as cobalt. We now know that there is a totally different explanation. Cobalt compounds attract arsenic, which when heated is released as extremely toxic arsenic trioxide.
Glass as raw material for paint
Back in ancient times various tinted minerals containing cobalt were used to colour glass and ceramics. A well-known blue-coloured glass is smalt, which has been used as a raw material for paint since the middle ages. The glass was ground and then mixed with a binder. For a long time this cobalt blue served as an affordable alternative for ultramarine which was made from the Afghan semi-precious stone lapis lazuli, as this was difficult to obtain and was very expensive. The big disadvantage, however, was that if too much oil was added the colour blue would eventually change to a dirty grey-green.
It was the French chemist Louis Jaques Thénard who in 1802 started to experiment with a cobalt-arsenic compound which was used in Sèvres porcelain. He discovered that a combination of cobalt oxide and aluminium oxide resulted in a highly stable blue pigment, the current cobalt blue. Later on, other colours based on cobalt were discovered as well. At the end of the eighteenth century, for example, in combination with zinc oxide, cobalt green was discovered. In the course of the nineteenth century the green-like Cerulean blue , cobalt violet, red cobalt and cobalt yellow were developed, with tin oxide, phosphate, magnesium oxide and potassium oxide, respectively. The red and yellow have meanwhile been replaced by the more stable cadmium pigments. The other colours are still used today and are known for their excellent lightfastness.
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The solid phase method was used to synthesize spinel CoAl2O4 and willemite (Co, Zn) 2SiO4 cobalt blue materials, and their color rendering and acid resistance were compared. The SiO2 and MgO were introduced to modify the Co2O3-Al2O3 system and the finely ground CoAl2O4 was taken as crystal nucleus to investigate its effect on the color rendering of the pigment and acid resistance. The on-glaze cobalt blue pigment with bright color rendering, high color saturation and good acid resistance was developed. The solid phase method was used to synthesize willemite cobalt blue material and then the lead-free flux with strong acid resistance was selected and mixed with the pigment in a certain proportion. The cobalt blue pigment was obtained by baking at a certain temperature. Through the single factor test and orthogonal test, the flux formula was optimized and the secret cobalt blue pigment with bright color rendering and good acid resistance was obtained. The results show that the spinel structure is superior to willemite structure in terms of acid resistance and the introduction of the finely ground CoAl2O4 crystal nucleus can improve the color rendering effect and acid resistance of the spinel cobalt blue material. XRD analysis shows that the main crystal phase of the optimal formula pigment is CoAl2O4, but there are SiO2 residues.
A Journal of AIDIC – The Italian Association of Chemical Engineering
Journal registered at the court of Milano.
